Fsc (foundation single crochet) Ch 1, insert hook into back ridge of ch, pull up a loop, yo, draw through 1 loop (1 chain made), yo, draw through 2 loops on hook (first foundation single crochet made), *insert hook under the 2 bottommost horizontal bars of the chain just made, pull up a loop, yo, draw through 1 loop (1 chain made), yo, draw through 2 loops on hook (second foundation single crochet made); rep from * totaling number of foundation sts required. Picture Tutorial
PM (place marker) Place marker in stitch just made or as instructed.
CSC (center single crochet) From front to back, insert hook through the center of the indicated stitch, piercing between the front “legs” rather than under the top 2 “V” loops, pull up a loop, yo, draw through both loops on hook.
CSC2tog (center single crochet 2 together) Insert hook through first csc indicated, pull up a loop, insert hook into next csc indicated, pull up a loop, yo, draw through all loops on hook.